windows

A typical “Window” unit comprises two components. The operable part that holds the glass is called a “sash”. The “sash” is put together using 4 wood components, Stiles, the two vertical parts that travel the height of the sash on either side and Rails, “Top” rail and “Bottom” rail, go between the stiles at the top and bottom respectively. These components are profiled on one edge (inside) and glass is held by these profiled edges. These profiled edges are commonly referred to as “sticking” detail. In most cases similarly profiled pieces are then installed on the non-profiled side (outside) to hold the glass. These pieces are called “stops”.
Commonly used profiles (sticking details)are

• Ogee – an ‘S’ shaped profile
• Ovalo – a quarter arch profile
• Square – Flat or stepped.

The sash(s) in a window are divided by glass panes. It can also have an undivided one piece of glass. The wooden pieces that divide the sash and glass portion between the Stiles and the Rails are termed as “Muttin Bars”. These bars are also profiled on both sides to match the Stiles and the Rails. The bars hold the glass.

TDL – When the bars divide the inside space of the door into small sections for small panes of glass then this configuration is called True Divided Lite or TDL.

SDL – For increased efficiency of insulated glass the sash is made with one piece of glass but wooden stops with profiles are installed on either side of this glass to “simulate” the look of divided panes. This configuration is termed Simulated Divided Lite or SDL.

The second component of the window is the frame that holds the sash and slides onto the opening in the wall. Based on the type of window a window could have a single or multiple sash.

Casement Windows — Hinged on one side and swinging outward, casement windows offer maximum ventilation and an unobstructed view. They seal tightly against the frame when closed, providing excellent energy efficiency. Available as single units, pairs, or triple configurations (active + stationary + active). Explore our casement window options.

Sliders (Horizontal Sliding Windows) — Two or more sash that slide horizontally on tracks. Sliders are a practical choice for wider openings and areas where an outward-swinging sash would be impractical, such as near walkways or patios.

Double-Hung Windows — Two sash that slide vertically. Both the upper and lower sash are operable, allowing for flexible ventilation. A classic choice for traditional and historic architecture.

Single-Hung Windows — Similar to double-hung but with a fixed upper sash and operable lower sash. A cost-effective alternative that maintains the traditional appearance. See our slider window styles.

True Divided Lite (TDL) windows feature individual panes of glass separated by muntin bars. Each lite is a separate piece of glass, creating authentic historic detail. TDL is the preferred choice for historic restorations and period-correct architecture where authenticity matters.

Simulated Divided Lite (SDL) windows use a single piece of insulated glass with grilles applied to both the interior and exterior surfaces. SDL provides the visual effect of divided lites while delivering superior energy efficiency through insulated glass. This is the modern standard for new construction and energy-conscious projects.

Both TDL and SDL configurations can be customized with any number of lites and grille patterns to match your architectural style.

We offer a full range of glass options to meet your performance and aesthetic requirements:

• Insulated glass units (IGUs) — Double-pane construction with an argon or krypton gas fill for superior thermal performance
• Low-E coatings — Low-emissivity coatings that reduce heat transfer while allowing visible light to pass through
• Tempered glass — Safety glass required by code for certain locations
• Obscure/frosted glass — For privacy in bathrooms and entryways
• Restoration glass — Period-authentic glass with subtle imperfections for historic replication

All our glazed units meet California Title 24 energy requirements. We provide NFRC-rated glass packages and the necessary documentation for permit submittals.

Los Angeles and the San Fernando Valley are home to many historic properties requiring period-accurate wood windows. We specialize in replicating original window profiles, sticking details, and divided lite patterns. Our shop can match existing sash profiles exactly, whether you need a single replacement sash or an entire building’s worth of windows.

We work with homeowners, architects, and preservation societies to ensure that replacement windows meet historic district guidelines while providing modern energy performance. For more information about our restoration capabilities, contact us with your project details.

Our wood windows are available in mahogany, Douglas fir, oak, and clear pine. Mahogany and fir are the most popular choices for exterior windows due to their dimensional stability and resistance to moisture. For painted windows, we use select clear pine with a high-quality exterior primer. Interior wood species can differ from exterior species to accommodate budget and aesthetic preferences. We also build matching custom wood doors and moulding.